Delhi Eye Care

Retina Excellence CentreClarity at every step of retina care.

Comprehensive medical and surgical retina care in Delhi, led by senior vitreo-retina surgeon Dr Shashank Rai Gupta—from detailed imaging and careful monitoring to laser, injections and complex vitreoretinal surgery.

Wide-field retinal photograph showing a retinal detachmentMultimodal retinal imaging with wide-field fundus, infrared and OCT views
Start with understanding

The retina is small. Its role in sight is immense.

Ultra-wide-field colour photograph of the retina

The retina is the light-sensitive tissue at the back of your eye. Some retinal conditions cause obvious visual symptoms; others progress quietly. A detailed retinal examination and appropriate imaging help us understand what is happening—and whether the safest next step is observation, treatment or surgery.

I have new symptoms

Identify what the change may mean and how urgently you should seek a retinal assessment.

Find my symptom
I have a diagnosis

Explore common retinal conditions and their care pathways.

Explore my diagnosis
I have scans or reports

Request a specialist review before you travel or decide on treatment.

Share reports securely
Floaters and flashes

Common symptoms that deserve a clear answer.

Floaters may look like dots, threads, cobwebs, rings or a moving shadow. Flashes may appear as brief sparks or arcs, often at the side of vision. Many come from age-related change in the clear vitreous gel, but a sudden change can be the first sign of a retinal tear or detachment.

Patient-view simulation of thread-like floaters, a ring floater and a peripheral flash of light
What floaters and flashes may look likeThis is a visual simulation. Actual symptoms vary: floaters usually move with the eye, while flashes may be brief and more noticeable in dim light or at the edge of vision.

New floaters or flashes?

The pattern and timing matter more than the presence of a floater alone.

Often less concerning
  • A few familiar floaters present for months or years
  • No sudden increase, flashes, shadow or loss of vision
  • Symptoms that remain stable in both number and appearance
Arrange a prompt dilated retina examination
  • A sudden shower or marked increase in floaters
  • New flashes, a dark curtain or missing side vision
  • Blurred or reduced vision, especially after injury or eye surgery

What treatment is available for floaters?

Examine, explain and observe

Common age-related or posterior vitreous detachment floaters often become less noticeable. The first priority is to rule out a retinal tear.

Treat the underlying cause

Bleeding, inflammation, infection or diabetic retinal disease may need medicines, injections, retinal laser or other cause-specific care.

Floterectomy for selected patients

Floater-only vitrectomy—sometimes called floterectomy—may be considered when persistent vitreous opacities significantly interfere with daily vision, after careful retinal assessment and discussion of benefits and surgical risks.

Ordinary age-related floaters are not generally dissolved by eye drops or tablets. Retinal laser treats a retinal tear or diseased retina; it does not remove a routine vitreous floater.

I have a new symptom

What has changed in your vision?

Use this guide to describe the symptom clearly. It cannot diagnose the cause, but it can help you recognise when a retinal examination should not be delayed.

Flashes of light (photopsia)

Brief lightning streaks, sparks or camera-like flashes, usually at the edge of vision. New flashes may occur when the vitreous gel pulls on the retina and should be assessed, especially with new floaters.

New onset: prompt assessment
Sudden increase in floaters

A new shower of moving specks, cobwebs or dark lines may follow vitreous separation, a retinal tear or bleeding into the vitreous. Clinicians may see pigment cells described as “tobacco dust.”

Sudden change: prompt assessment
A curtain, veil or fixed shadow

A dark area entering from the side—or spreading towards the centre—can indicate an evolving retinal detachment.

Do not wait: urgent retinal assessment
Loss of side vision

Missing or narrowing peripheral vision may occur suddenly with a localised retinal detachment or more gradually with inherited retinal disease. The timing helps determine urgency.

Wavy or distorted vision (metamorphopsia)

Straight lines appearing bent, wavy or crooked can result from fluid, swelling or traction at the macula, including macular degeneration or an epiretinal membrane.

A central blind or fuzzy spot (scotoma)

A persistent dark, blurred or missing patch in the centre of sight can interfere with reading and recognising faces and needs macular evaluation.

Hazy or blurred central vision

Reduced sharpness may develop gradually or suddenly with macular oedema, a macular hole, bleeding or reduced retinal circulation.

Sudden, profound painless vision loss

A marked drop in vision over seconds or hours can occur with retinal artery or vein occlusion, major vitreous haemorrhage or retinal detachment.

Eye emergency: seek immediate care
If you already have a diagnosis

Find the next question you need answered.

Bring the name of the condition, your prescriptions and any OCT, fundus, angiography or ultrasound images. We review what has been found, how urgent it is, whether it is stable or progressing, and which choices genuinely apply to your eye.

Retinal tear or detachment

Clarify the location and extent, whether the macula is involved, and how urgently treatment is required.

Ultra-wide-field retinal photograph showing retinal detachment
Ultra-wide-field retinal detachment
Treatment may include retinal laser or cryotherapy for suitable tears, or retinal detachment surgery using vitrectomy, scleral buckle, gas or silicone oil according to the eye. Watch: Understanding retinal detachment Watch: More about retinal detachment care
Diabetic retinopathy or macular oedema

Understand the stage, swelling, new vessels or bleeding and how these findings affect vision.

Wide-field colour retinal photograph showing diabetic retinal changes
Colour retinal view
Wide-field retinal angiography in diabetic retinopathy
Angiographic assessment
Retinal angiography demonstrating vascular changes in diabetic retinopathy
Vascular activity
Care may include structured monitoring, systemic risk-factor control, intravitreal injections, retinal laser or vitrectomy for non-clearing haemorrhage and tractional disease. Watch: Diabetes Can Affect Your Eyes Even Without Warning Signs
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD/ARMD)

Review central retinal changes, their effect on reading or facial recognition, and whether the macula is dry, active or scarred.

Bilateral wide-field colour retinal photographs showing age-related macular degeneration
Colour retinal imaging
Bilateral fundus autofluorescence images showing age-related macular degeneration
Autofluorescence imaging
Care may include OCT-guided observation, nutritional and lifestyle guidance for suitable dry AMD/ARMD, or intravitreal anti-VEGF injections when neovascular activity is present.
Retinal vein occlusion

Assess the distribution of bleeding, macular swelling, retinal circulation and any abnormal new vessels.

Retinal photograph showing central retinal vein occlusion
Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO)
Retinal photograph showing branch retinal vein occlusion
Branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO)
Treatment commonly includes OCT-guided anti-VEGF injections for macular oedema; selected eyes may need steroid treatment, retinal laser or monitoring for neovascular complications.
Macular hole or epiretinal membrane

Relate OCT findings to distortion, reading difficulty and the effect on daily activities.

OCT scan showing a full-thickness macular hole
Macular hole on OCT
OCT scan showing an epiretinal membrane with macular surface distortion
Epiretinal membrane on OCT
Milder or stable cases may be observed. When symptoms and anatomy justify it, vitrectomy with membrane or internal limiting membrane peeling—and sometimes a gas bubble—may be advised. Watch Dr Gupta discuss macular-hole surgery
Vitreous haemorrhage or persistent floaters

Identify whether bleeding, inflammation or vitreous opacity is responsible and rule out a retinal tear.

Wide-field retinal photograph showing vitreous haemorrhage obscuring the retinal view
Vitreous haemorrhage
Wide-field retinal photograph showing a persistent vitreous opacity
Persistent vitreous opacity
Treatment may target the cause with injections or laser; non-clearing haemorrhage may require vitrectomy. Floterectomy may be considered for carefully selected, persistently disabling floaters. Watch Dr Gupta explain floaters
Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR/CSR)

Understand why fluid has collected beneath the macula, whether this is a first episode, and if observation or treatment is appropriate.

Colour retinal photograph showing central serous chorioretinopathy
Central retinal appearance
OCT scan showing subretinal fluid in CSCR
Subretinal fluid on OCT
A recent uncomplicated episode may be monitored. Persistent, recurrent or chronic CSCR may require multimodal imaging and selected treatment such as photodynamic therapy or laser.
Posterior and intermediate uveitis

Clarify whether inflammation affects the vitreous, retina or choroid, whether infection or systemic disease is suspected, and whether the macula or optic nerve is threatened.

Wide-field colour retinal photograph showing posterior inflammatory changes
Wide-field retinal imaging
Wide-field fluorescein angiography used in uveitis assessment
Fluorescein angiography
Treatment is cause-directed. Infection must be considered before steroid or immunosuppressive treatment; selected eyes may need local or systemic medicines, injections or vitreoretinal surgery.
Myopia management and pathological myopia

In children, measure progression and consider evidence-based myopia control. In high myopia, look beyond the spectacle number for structural damage to the macula and retina.

Fundus photograph showing pathological myopic retinal and macular changes
Pathological myopic retina
OCT showing myopic traction maculopathy in an elongated eye
Myopic traction on OCT
Care may include myopia-control spectacles, contact lenses or atropine for selected children; and monitoring, anti-VEGF, retinal laser or surgery for specific adult retinal complications.
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)

Premature babies may develop sight-threatening retinal disease without visible symptoms. Screening and every advised review must happen within the recommended time window.

Infant retinal photograph used during ROP screening
Retinal vascular development
Infant retinal photograph showing posterior vessel dilatation and tortuosity
Posterior vessel activity
Findings are recorded by zone, stage and plus disease. Care may include close observation, retinal laser, intravitreal anti-VEGF or surgery for advanced tractional disease.

Other retinal conditions assessed: retinal artery occlusion, retinal trauma and endophthalmitis. Select a condition for its patient guide. Sudden painless vision loss and suspected endophthalmitis require emergency assessment; retinal artery occlusion also requires urgent systemic evaluation.

Ultra-wide-field retinal imaging system with a wide-field fundus photograph
Ultra-wide-field retinal imagingDocuments a broad view of the retina, including peripheral areas that may contain tears, vascular changes or diabetic retinal disease.
A patient undergoing optical coherence tomography of the retina
Optical coherence tomography (OCT)A rapid, non-contact scan that shows cross-sectional retinal detail and helps assess macular fluid, holes, membranes and treatment response.
A complete retina pathway at Delhi Eye Care

Detailed retinal examination, OCT and multimodal imaging, injections, laser, vitreoretinal surgery and follow-up are coordinated under Dr Shashank Rai Gupta. You receive an explanation of the diagnosis, the available choices, the reason for the recommendation and the expected review plan before treatment is undertaken.

Preparing for your retina consultation

What to expect at your first visit

  • Review of symptoms, medical history and previous reports
  • Dilated retinal examination
  • OCT or other imaging when clinically needed
  • A clear explanation of urgency, options and follow-up

Bring previous prescriptions, scans and a medicine list. Dilation may temporarily blur near vision and increase light sensitivity; sunglasses and an accompanying person may help.

Watch: How long does a retina check-up take?
From observation to surgery

The right treatment is the one your eye needs.

Not every retinal condition needs intervention. When treatment is required, your options and likely follow-up are explained before a decision is made.

Monitor & protect

Planned observation, serial imaging, systemic risk-factor coordination and structured review.

Treat without surgery

Intravitreal injections, retinal laser, cryotherapy and condition-specific medical treatment.

Vitreo-retinal surgery

Vitrectomy and appropriate retinal surgery for detachment, macular disorders, vitreous haemorrhage and complex diabetic disease.

Dr Shashank Rai Gupta performing green retinal laser treatment at the slit lamp
Green retinal laserLaser treatment may be used to seal suitable retinal tears or treat selected vascular and diabetic retinal conditions. The pattern and extent are tailored to the diagnosis. Watch Dr Gupta explain retinal laser
Vitrectomy surgery being performed through small entry ports in the eye
Vitrectomy in progressA real intraoperative view of small-gauge vitreoretinal surgery. The surgical approach is selected according to the retinal condition, its severity and the needs of the individual eye.
Dr Shashank Rai Gupta, Senior Vitreo-Retina Surgeon at Delhi Eye Care
Dr Shashank Rai GuptaSenior Vitreo-Retina Surgeon · Founder Chairman, Delhi Eye Care
Experience with perspective

Retina expertise, translated into understandable decisions.

Dr Shashank Rai Gupta leads the Retina Excellence Centre at Delhi Eye Care. His work spans medical retina, diabetic retinal disease, macular disorders, uveitis and vitreoretinal surgery. He previously served as Senior Consultant and Head of Vitreo-Retina & Uveitis at Vasan Eye Care Hospitals, New Delhi, and as Consultant at Venu Eye Institute & Research Centre.

17 years devoted to retina practice
7,468 retinal procedures and surgeries
28,700 intravitreal injections and retinal laser procedures

Experience figures supplied by Delhi Eye Care and updated September 2026.

  • Medical and surgical retina
  • Diabetic retinopathy
  • Retinal detachment surgery
  • Macular disease and surgery
  • Uveitis care
  • Complex retina second opinions
Patient experiences

Hear from patients treated at Delhi Eye Care.

Retinal-detachment surgery experienceWatch on the Delhi Eye Care YouTube channel → Cataract and retina care experienceWatch on the Delhi Eye Care YouTube channel →

Patient experiences are individual; outcomes and recovery vary according to the condition and treatment.

Questions patients often ask

Clear answers before the first visit.

Are flashes and floaters always dangerous?

Not always, but a sudden onset or marked increase can accompany a retinal tear or detachment. A dilated retinal examination helps determine the cause.

Is retinal detachment an emergency?

A suspected retinal detachment needs prompt specialist assessment. Timing and treatment depend on its location, extent, symptoms and the condition of the macula.

Does every person with diabetes need a retinal examination?

Diabetes can affect the retina before vision changes. The timing and frequency of examination depend on diabetes type, duration, pregnancy, retinal findings and other health factors.

What is an OCT scan?

OCT is a non-contact scan that produces cross-sectional images of the retina. It helps assess the macula, retinal layers and fluid, and compare change over time.

Does every retinal condition require surgery?

No. Some conditions need observation, medical treatment, laser or injections. Surgery is recommended only when its expected benefit justifies the procedure and timing.

Can I request a second opinion using existing reports?

Yes. Previous prescriptions, OCT scans, angiography, retinal photographs and surgical advice can help the specialist understand your history. A final plan may still require examination.

Your next step

Concerned about your retina—or already have reports?

Speak with the Delhi Eye Care team to arrange a retina consultation or specialist report review.

4/21, Balraj Khanna Marg, East Patel Nagar, New Delhi – 110008
Pre-booking of appointment is desirable.

Clinic timings

Monday–Saturday, 9:00 AM–7:00 PM. Please call first for urgent retinal symptoms.

Sharing reports safely

Send only relevant eye reports and remove unrelated identity or financial documents. WhatsApp is a third-party service and is not for emergencies; a report review does not replace an examination.